At this years’ CIfA annual conference ARS Ltd’s Roger Doonan and Clive Waddington, along with colleague Jay Carver (4AD consultants), discussed landscape-scale archaeological evaluation in the light of our recent innovations with geochemical survey. Geochemical prospection has been revolutionised in recent years with the ability to undertake rapid analyses in-situ that can provide the archaeologist with almost instant insight into the chemical variation across landscapes, sites and features. It has long been established that human activity imprints contexts with a chemical signature and it is now possible for archaeologists to use these signatures to establish, in combination with other evaluation techniques, the presence of a wide range of buried archaeological remains including ‘difficult to find’ archaeology and features that geophysics and aerial photography and evaluation trenching sampling rarely recognise.